Robert S. Van Howe, M.D. and J. Steven Svoboda
“Neonatal Pain Relief and the Helsinki Declaration”
An article addressing—for the first time, we believe—the ethical requirements imposed by the Helsinki Convention on medical studies addressing the efficacy of anesthetic for neonatal circumcision.
The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, December 2008, Volume 36, Issue 4, pp. 803-823.

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Van Howe Svoboda ‘Neonatal Pain Relief and the Helsinki Declaration’ Health Care 2008.pdf